Amin Huda, 46, passed away around 1pm, said Iqbal Kabir, senior jail super of Dhaka Central Jail.
He said drug baron had been under treatment at the prison cell of the hospital since August last with multiple ailments, including heart problem and high blood pressure.
Rapid Action Battalion (Rab) arrested Amin Huda on October 25, 2007 along with his business partner Ahsanul Haque Hasan from Gulshan.
Later, the elite force raided one of his dens in Gulshan and recovered around 1.5 lakh Yaba tablets and materials for producing such pills.
Police filed two cases against Amin Huda and his partner for manufacturing and selling the pills.
On July 15, 2012, the Speedy Trial Tribunal-4 of Dhaka convicted them and sentenced them to 79 years' rigorous imprisonment in the two cases.