Bulgaria’s government on Tuesday withdrew its controversial draft budget after tens of thousands of people took to the streets in nationwide protests that later turned violent.
The budget plan, which proposed higher taxes, increased social security contributions and expanded public spending, drew strong criticism from opposition parties, business groups and economists. Critics warned that the measures would stifle investment, push more economic activity underground and jeopardize the country’s preparations to join the eurozone early next year.
Authorities initially pledged last week to revise the draft after early demonstrations but later walked back the promise, triggering even larger protests in Sofia and several major cities on Monday night. Organizers said about 50,000 people joined the rally in the capital.
The demonstration, largely driven by young people, began peacefully, with crowds chanting “We will not allow ourselves to be lied to” and “Resignation.” Protesters displayed banners reading “Generation Z is Coming” and “Young Bulgaria Without the Mafia,” demanding that the government either overhaul the draft or step down. Organizers urged participants to avoid violence and record any provocations.
Tensions escalated later in the night as smaller groups moved toward the offices of ruling parties and threw plastic and glass bottles, stones and firecrackers at buildings and police officers. Clashes broke out between riot police and groups of masked youths wearing black hoodies. Garbage bins were set on fire, police vehicles were vandalized, and officers used pepper spray to disperse crowds.
Emergency services said several injured people were taken to hospitals, while many others received on-site treatment. Police reported detaining 10 individuals.
Opponents of the budget argued that the spending increases would be financed mainly through heavier tax burdens on workers and businesses, along with a steep rise in public debt, which they said would fuel inflation without improving public services.
The government, however, maintained that the draft budget was essential for meeting eurozone rules, including keeping the deficit below 3% of GDP.